Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

Herb–drug interactions (HDIs) occur when herbal medicines alter the pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic properties of conventional drugs, potentially leading to adverse reactions or reduced therapeutic efficacy. With the increasing integration of Ayurvedic herbs into contemporary healthcare, understanding these interactions has become essential for patient safety. The present review aimed to evaluate commonly reported herb–drug interactions associated with widely used Ayurvedic medicinal plants and to explore the role of emerging technologies in predicting and managing these risks. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, focusing on peer-reviewed articles published within the last decade, including clinical studies, experimental research, and review papers. Data were analyzed regarding frequently used herbs, mechanisms of interaction, and clinical implications. Commonly consumed herbs such as Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, and Curcuma longa were found to interact with anticoagulants, antidiabetic agents, antihypertensives, and drugs metabolized through cytochrome P450 enzymes, resulting in increased bleeding risk, altered glycemic control, and modified drug bioavailability. Additionally, advancements in pharmacogenomics, artificial intelligence based interaction screening tools, and pharmacovigilance systems demonstrate potential in improving early detection and prevention of HDIs. The study highlights the necessity of systematic evaluation, clinician awareness, and technological integration to ensure the safe and evidence based use of Ayurvedic and modern medicines in combination.